Innovations continued by way of the Middle Ages with improvements such as silk-manufacture , the horse collar and horseshoes in the first few hundred years after the fifth-century fall of the Roman Empire. Medieval technology noticed using easy machines being mixed to kind extra complicated instruments, such because the wheelbarrow, windmills and clocks, and a system of universities developed and spread scientific concepts and practices. The Renaissance period produced many innovations, including the printing press , and technology became increasingly associated with science, starting a cycle of mutual development. Advances in technology on this era allowed a more reliable supply of meals, followed by the wider availability of consumer items. Technology is usually a consequence of science and engineering, although technology as a human exercise precedes the two fields. For example, science may study the circulate of electrons in electrical conductors through the use of already-current instruments and knowledge.

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